Iindidi ze-EV zokuTshaja iziXhobo zeZithuthi zoMbane

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zokutshaja kwe-EV-ngokukhawuleza,ngokukhawuleza, kwayekade.Ezi zimele iziphumo zamandla, kwaye ngoko ke isantya sokutshaja, esifumanekayo ukubiza i-EV.Qaphela ukuba amandla alinganiswa ngeekilowathi (kW).

Uhlobo ngalunye lwetshaja luneseti enxulumeneyo yeziqhagamshelo eziyilelwe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi okanye aphezulu, kunye nokuba yi-AC okanye i-DC yokutshaja.La macandelo alandelayo anika inkcazo ecacileyo yeentlobo ezintathu zeengongoma eziphambili kunye nezihlanganisi ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo.

Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo

Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo zezona ndlela zikhawulezayo zokubiza i-EV, zihlala zifumaneka kwiinkonzo zemoto okanye kwiindawo ezikufutshane neendlela eziphambili.Izixhobo ezikhawulezayo zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu ngokuthe ngqo okanye atshintshanayo ngoku - DC okanye i-AC - ukutshaja imoto kwakhona ngokukhawuleza okukhulu.

Kuxhomekeka kwimodeli, ii-EVs zinokutshajwa kwakhona ziye kutsho kuma-80% kwimizuzu nje engama-20, nangona i-avareji ye-EV entsha inokuthatha malunga neyure kwindawo yokutshaja ekhawulezayo eyi-50 kW.Amandla asuka kwiyunithi amele esona santya siphezulu sokutshaja esikhoyo, nangona imoto iya kunciphisa isantya sokutshaja njengoko ibhetri isondela ekutshajisweni ngokupheleleyo.Ngaloo ndlela, amaxesha acatshulwe kwintlawulo ukuya kwi-80%, emva koko isantya sokutshaja sihamba kakhulu.Oku kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kwaye kunceda ukukhusela ibhetri.

Zonke izixhobo ezikhawulezayo zineentambo zokutshaja ezibotshelelwe kwiyunithi, kwaye ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kunokusetyenziswa kuphela kwizithuthi ezikwaziyo ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza.Ukunikezelwa kweeprofayili zokudibanisa eziqaphelekayo - jonga imifanekiso engezantsi - ukucaciswa kwemodeli yakho kulula ukuyijonga kwincwadana yemoto okanye ukuhlola i-inlet ebhodini.

Rapid DCiitshaja zibonelela ngamandla nge-50 kW (125A), sebenzisa nokuba yi-CHAdeMO okanye imigangatho yokutshaja yeCCS, kwaye iboniswe ngeempawu ezimfusa kwi-Zap-Map.Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwamanqaku entlawulo ye-EV ekhawulezayo ngoku, ibe ngowona mgangatho weyona nxalenye ilungileyo yeshumi leminyaka.Zombini iziqhagamshelo zidla ngokuhlawulisa i-EV ukuya kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiyure ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo webhetri kunye nemeko yokuqala yentlawulo.

I-Ultra-Rapid DCiitshaja zinika amandla nge-100 kW nangaphezulu.Ezi ngokuqhelekileyo zingama-100 kW, 150 kW, okanye 350 kW – nangona ezinye izantya eziphezulu phakathi kwala manani zinokwenzeka.Esi sisizukulwana esilandelayo sendawo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ekwaziyo ukugcina ukutshaja amaxesha phantsi nangona amandla ebhetri enyuka kwii-EV ezintsha.

Kwezo EVs ezikwaziyo ukwamkela i-100 kW okanye ngaphezulu, amaxesha okutshaja agcinwa phantsi ukuya kwimizuzu engama-20-40 ngentlawulo eqhelekileyo, nakwiimodeli ezinomthamo omkhulu webhetri.Nokuba i-EV iyakwazi ukwamkela ubuninzi be-50 kW DC, isengasebenzisa iindawo zokuhlawulisa ezikhawulezayo, njengoko amandla aya kuthintelwa kuyo nayiphi na into esinokujongana nayo isithuthi.Njengakwizixhobo ezikhawulezayo ezingama-50 kW, iintambo zibotshelelwa kwiyunithi, kwaye zibonelela ngokutshaja ngeCCS okanye iziqhagamshelo ze-CHAdeMO.

I-Supercharger kaTeslainethiwekhi ikwabonelela ngokukhawuleza ukutshaja kwe-DC kubaqhubi beemoto zayo, kodwa sebenzisa nokuba yi-Tesla Type 2 connector okanye i-Tesla CCS connector - ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli.Ezi zinokutshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150 kW.Nangona zonke iimodeli zeTesla zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kunye neeyunithi ze-Supercharger, abaninzi abanini beTesla basebenzisa i-adapters ezenza ukuba basebenzise amanqaku oluntu ngokubanzi, kunye ne-CCS kunye nee-adapter ze-CHAdeMO ezikhoyo.Ukukhutshwa kwe-CCS ukutshaja kwiModeli 3 kunye nophuculo olulandelayo lweemodeli ezindala kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba bafikelele kumlinganiselo omkhulu weziseko zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zase-UK.

Imodeli ye-S kunye nabaqhubi be-Model X bayakwazi ukusebenzisa i-Tesla Type 2 connector efakwe kuzo zonke iiyunithi ze-Supercharger.Abaqhubi be-Tesla Model 3 kufuneka basebenzise i-Tesla CCS ikhonkco, eqhutyelwa ngezigaba kuzo zonke iiyunithi ze-Supercharger.

I-AC ekhawulezayoiitshaja zibonelela ngamandla kwi-43 kW (isigaba sesithathu, i-63A) kwaye zisebenzisa umgangatho wokutshaja we-Type 2.Iiyunithi ze-AC ezikhawulezayo ziyakwazi ukubiza i-EV ukuya kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo webhetri yemodeli kunye nemeko yokuqala yentlawulo.

Iimodeli ze-EV ezisebenzisa i-CHAdeMO yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza iquka iNissan Leaf kunye neMitsubishi Outlander PHEV.Iimodeli ezihambelanayo ne-CCS ziquka i-BMW i3, i-Kia e-Niro, kunye ne-Jaguar I-Pace.Imodeli ye-3 kaTesla, i-Model S, kunye ne-Model X ziyakwazi kuphela ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger, ngelixa imodeli kuphela ekwazi ukwenza ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwe-Rapid AC yokutshaja yi-Renault Zoe.