Kwezasekhaya
Isithuthi sombane asinayo injini yokutshisa yangaphakathi.Endaweni yoko, inikwa amandla yimoto yombane esebenza ngeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.
Ewe, ngokupheleleyo!Ukutshaja imoto yakho yombane ekhaya yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokubiza.Kukongela ixesha nawe.Ngendawo yokutshaja ezinikeleyo ufaka nje iplagi xa imoto yakho ingasetyenziswa kwaye itekhnoloji ehlakaniphile iya kuqalisa kwaye ikumise intlawulo.
Ewe, akukho mfuneko yakuba nexhala malunga nokutshaja ngokugqithisileyo, vele ushiye imoto yakho iplagiwe kwindawo yokutshaja enikezelweyo kwaye isixhobo esikrelekrele siya kwazi ukuba mangakanani amandla afunekayo ukongeza kwaye ucime emva koko.
Iindawo zokutshaja ezinikezelweyo zinemigangatho yokhuselo eyakhelweyo ukumelana nemvula kunye neemeko zemozulu ezimandundu nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukhuselekile ngokugqibeleleyo ukuhlawulisa isithuthi sakho.
Ngokungafaniyo noozala babo beenjini zokutsha ezingcolisa kakhulu, iimoto zombane azikhuphuki endleleni.Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa kombane kusavelisa ukukhutshwa kombane ngokubanzi, kwaye oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Nangona kunjalo, uphando lucebisa ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo ngama-40% xa kuthelekiswa nemoto encinci yepetroli, kwaye njengoko i-UK National Grid isebenzisa 'iluhlaza', elo nani liya kunyuka kakhulu.
Ewe, unako-kodwa ngononophelo olukhulu…
1. Kuya kufuneka ube nesokethi yendlu yakho ihlolwe ngusombane oqeqeshiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingcingo zakho zikhuselekile kumthwalo ophezulu wombane ofunekayo.
2. Qinisekisa ukuba unesokethi kwindawo efanelekileyo yokuthatha intambo yokutshaja: AKUKHUSELEKANGA ukusebenzisa intambo yokwandisa ukutshaja imoto yakho.
3. Le ndlela yokutshaja icotha kakhulu - malunga neeyure ezi-6-8 kuluhlu lweemayile ezili-100.
Ukusebenzisa indawo yokutshaja imoto ezinikeleyo kukhuseleke kakhulu, kunexabiso eliphantsi kwaye kuyakhawuleza kuneesokethi zeplagi eziqhelekileyo.Ngaphezu koko, ngezibonelelo ze-OLEV ngoku zifumaneka ngokubanzi, indawo yokutshaja esemgangathweni evela kwi-Go Electric inokubiza kancinci njenge-£250, ifakelwe kwaye iyasebenza.
Yiyeke nje kuthi!Xa u-odola indawo yakho yokutshaja kwiGo Electric, sijonga nje ukufaneleka kwakho kwaye sithathe iinkcukacha ezimbalwa ukuze sikuphathele ibango lakho.Siza kuwenza wonke umsebenzi kwaye ibhili yakho yofakelo lwendawo yokutshaja iya kuncitshiswa nge-500 yeedola!
Ngokungathintelekiyo, ukusebenzisa amandla angakumbi ngokutshaja isithuthi sakho ekhaya kuya konyusa ityala lakho lombane.Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwezi ndleko liqhezu nje lexabiso lepetroli eqhelekileyo okanye izithuthi zedizili.
Nangona uya kutshaja uninzi lwemoto yakho ekhaya okanye emsebenzini, kuya kufuneka ufune ukongezwa ngamanye amaxesha ngelixa uphuma endleleni.Kukho iiwebhusayithi ezininzi kunye nee-apps (ezifana neMaphu yeZap kunye neMaphu yokuTshaja eVulekileyo) ebonisa ezona zikhululo zokutshaja ezikufutshane kunye neentlobo zeetshaja ezikhoyo.
Kukho ngoku ngaphezulu kwe-15,000 yeendawo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke e-UK ezineeplagi ezingaphezu kwama-26,000 kwaye ezintsha zifakelwa ngalo lonke ixesha, ngoko ke amathuba okutshaja imoto yakho endleleni ayanda iveki neveki.
Yeshishini
Xa ujonge isikhululo sokutshaja se-EV ungakhetha nokuba yi-AC okanye i-DC yokutshaja ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha ofuna ukulichitha utshaja isithuthi.Ngokwesiqhelo ukuba ufuna ukuchitha ixesha elithile kwindawo kwaye akukho kungxama ke ukhethe i-AC yokutshaja izibuko.I-AC lukhetho olucothayo lokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ye-DC.Nge-DC unokufumana i-EV yakho ihlawuliswe kwipesenti efanelekileyo ngeyure, kanti nge-AC uya kufumana malunga ne-70% intlawulo kwiiyure ezi-4.
I-AC ifumaneka kwigridi yamandla kwaye inokudluliselwa kumgama omde ngokwezoqoqosho kodwa imoto itshintsha i-AC ukuya kwi-DC ukutshaja.I-DC, kwelinye icala, isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwee-EVs kwaye ihlala njalo.Isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwaye igcinwe kwiibhetri zesixhobo esiphathwayo sombane.
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC kukuguqulwa kwamandla;kwi-DC ukuguqulwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesithuthi, ngelixa kwi-AC amandla aguqulwa ngaphakathi kwesithuthi.
Hayi, awufanelanga ukuplaga imoto yakho kwindlu eqhelekileyo okanye kwisokethi yangaphandle okanye usebenzise iintambo zokwandisa njengoko oku kunokuba yingozi.Indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuhlawula imoto yombane ekhaya kukusebenzisa izixhobo zokubonelela ngesithuthi sombane (EVSE).Oku kuqulathe isokethi yangaphandle ekhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo emvuleni kunye nodidi lwesixhobo sangoku esishiyekileyo esenzelwe ukujongana ne-DC pulses, kunye ne-AC yangoku.Isekethe eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwibhodi yokusabalalisa kufuneka isetyenziswe ukubonelela nge-EVSE.Iintambo zokwandisa akufuneki zisetyenziswe, njengoko zingafakwanga;azenzelwanga ukuba zithwale ireyithi epheleleyo yangoku ixesha elide
I-RFID sisishunqulelo se-Radio Frequency Identification.Yindlela yonxibelelwano olungenacingo olunceda ekusekeni ubuni bento ebonakalayo, kulo mzekelo, i-EV yakho kunye nawe.I-RFID isasaza isazisi isebenzisa amaza erediyo ento ngaphandle kwamacingo.Ukusukela naliphi na ikhadi le-RFID, umsebenzisi kufuneka afundwe ngumfundi kunye nekhompyuter.Kungoko ukuze usebenzise ikhadi uya kufuna ukuba uqale uthenge ikhadi le-RFID kwaye ulibhalise kunye neenkcukacha ezifunekayo.
Okulandelayo, xa usiya kwindawo kawonke-wonke nakwesiphi na isikhululo sokutshaja se-EV esibhalisiweyo kufuneka uskene ikhadi lakho le-RFID kwaye uqinisekise ngokuskena nje ikhadi kwi-RFID interrogator efakwe kwiyunithi ye-Smart let.Oku kuya kuvumela umfundi ukuba achonge ikhadi kwaye umqondiso uya kuguqulelwa kwinombolo ye-ID ethunyelwa ngekhadi le-RFID.Nje ukuba uchongo lwenziwe ungaqala ukubiza i-EV yakho.Zonke izikhululo ze-Bharat zokutshaja ze-EV ziya kukuvumela ukuba uhlawule i-EV yakho emva kokuchongwa kwe-RFID.
1. Paka isithuthi sakho ukuze indawo yokutshaja ifikeleleke ngokulula ngesidibanisi sokutshaja: Intambo yokutshaja mayingabi phantsi kwayo nayiphi na ingxaki ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja.
2. Vula i sokethi yokutshaja kwisithuthi.
3. Qhoboshela ikhonkco lokutshaja kwisokethi ngokupheleleyo.Inkqubo yokutshaja iya kuqala kuphela xa umdibaniso wokutshaja unonxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo phakathi kwendawo yokuhlawula kunye nemoto.
IBattery Electric Vehicles (BEV): I-BEVs zisebenzisa ibhetri kuphela ukunika amandla i-motor kwaye iibhetri zihlawuliswa ngezikhululo zokutshaja iiplagi.
I-Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV): Ii-HEVs zinikwa amandla ngamafutha emveli kwakunye namandla ombane agcinwe ebhetrini.Endaweni yeplagi, basebenzisa i-regenerative braking okanye injini yokutsha yangaphakathi ukutshaja ibhetri yabo.
I-Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV): Ii-PHEVs zinokutsha kwangaphakathi okanye ezinye ii-propulsion source iinjini kunye neenjini zombane.Zikwanikwe amandla nokuba ngamafutha aqhelekileyo okanye ibhetri, kodwa iibhetri ezikwiPHEVs zikhulu kunezo zikwiiHEVs.Iibhetri ze-PHEV zihlawuliswa nokuba sisitishi sokutshaja seplagi, ibraking yokuvuselela okanye injini yokutsha yangaphakathi.
Ngaphambi kokuba ujonge ukutshaja i-EV yakho kubalulekile ukuba ufunde umahluko phakathi kwezikhululo zombane ze-AC kunye ne-DC.Isikhululo sokutshaja se-AC sixhotyiselwe ukunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-22kW kwitshaja yesithuthi esisebhodini.Itshaja yeDC inokunikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-150kW kwibhetri yesithuthi ngokuthe ngqo.Nangona kunjalo, umahluko omkhulu kukuba xa itshaja ye-DC isithuthi sakho sombane sifikelela kwi-80% yentlawulo emva koko kwi-20% eseleyo yexesha elifunekayo lide.Inkqubo yokutshaja i-AC izinzile kwaye ifuna ixesha elide lokutshaja imoto yakho kunezibuko lokutshaja le-DC.
Kodwa inzuzo yokuba ne-AC yokutshaja izibuko yinto yokuba ineendleko kwaye inokusetyenziswa kuyo nayiphi na igridi yombane ngaphandle kokuba wenze uhlaziyo oluninzi.
Kwimeko apho ungxamele ukuhlawulisa i-EV yakho emva koko ujonge indawo yokutshaja yemoto yombane enoqhagamshelo lweDC njengoko oku kuya kuhlawulisa isithuthi sakho ngokukhawuleza.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utshaja imoto yakho okanye esinye isithuthi sombane ekhaya baya kukhetha indawo yokutshaja ye-AC kwaye uyinike ixesha elininzi lokutshaja kwakhona isithuthi sakho.
Zombini iindawo zokutshaja iimoto zombane ze-AC kunye ne-DC zinezibonelelo zazo.Ngetshaja ye-AC ungahlawulisa ekhaya okanye emsebenzini kwaye usebenzise iPowerPoint eqhelekileyo yombane eyi-240 volt AC / 15 amp ubonelelo lombane.Ngokuxhomekeke kwitshaja ye-EV ekwibhodi ireyithi yentlawulo iya kumiselwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo iphakathi kwe-2.5 kilowatts (kW) ukuya kwi-7 .5 kW?Kungoko ukuba imoto yombane iku-2.5 kW kuya kufuneka uyishiye ngobusuku ukuze itshajwe ngokupheleleyo.Kwakhona, i-AC yokutshaja amazibuko ingabizi kakhulu kwaye inokwenziwa ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na igridi yombane ngelixa inokuhanjiswa kumgama omde.
Ukutshaja kwe-DC, kwelinye icala, kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba i-EV yakho ihlawuliswa ngesantya esikhawulezayo, kukuvumela ukuba ube nokuguquguquka ngakumbi ngexesha.Ngenxa yale njongo, iindawo ezininzi zikawonke-wonke ezibonelela ngezikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zombane ngoku zibonelela ngeendawo zokutshaja ze-DC zee-EVs.
Uninzi lweemoto ze-EV ngoku zakhiwe ngesikhululo sokutshaja seNqanaba loku-1, okt zinesixhobo sokutshaja se-12A 120V.Oku kuvumela imoto ukuba ihlawuliswe ukusuka kwindawo eqhelekileyo yendlu.Kodwa oku kufanelekile kwabo banemoto ye-hybrid okanye abahambi kakhulu.Kwimeko apho uhamba kakhulu ngoko kungcono ukufakela isikhululo sokutshaja se-EV esikwiNqanaba 2. Eli nqanaba lithetha ukuba unokuhlawula i-EV yakho kwiiyure ze-10 eziza kugubungela iikhilomitha ezili-100 okanye ngaphezulu ngokoluhlu lwesithuthi kwaye iNqanaba 2 ine-16A 240V.Kwakhona, ukuba nendawo yokutshaja ye-AC ekhaya kuthetha ukuba ungasebenzisa inkqubo ekhoyo ukuhlawula imoto yakho ngaphandle kokwenza uhlaziyo oluninzi.Ikwangaphantsi kune-DC yokutshaja.Yiyo loo nto ekhaya khetha, isikhululo sokutshaja se-AC, ngelixa usesidlangalaleni ukuya kwizibuko zokutshaja ze-DC.
Kwiindawo zoluntu, kungcono ukuba ne-DC yokutshaja izibuko kuba i-DC iqinisekisa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwemoto yombane.Ngokunyuka kwe-EV kwindlela yokutshaja i-DC iya kuvumela iimoto ezininzi ukuba zihlawule kwisikhululo sokushaja.
Ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokutshaja kwehlabathi, iishaja ze-Delta AC ziza neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa ukutshaja, kuquka i-SAE J1772, i-IEC 62196-2 Uhlobo lwe-2, kunye ne-GB / T.Le yimigangatho yokutshaja yehlabathi kwaye iyakulingana uninzi lwe-EV ekhoyo namhlanje.
I-SAE J1772 ixhaphake e-United States naseJapan ngelixa i-IEC 62196-2 Uhlobo lwe-2 luxhaphakile eYurophu naseMzantsi-mpuma Asia.I-GB/T ngumgangatho wesizwe osetyenziswa eTshayina.
Iitshaja ze-DC ziza neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa ukutshaja ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokutshaja yehlabathi, kuquka i-CCS1, i-CCS2, i-CHAdeMO, kunye ne-GB/T 20234.3.
I-CCS1 ixhaphakile eUnited States kwaye iCCS2 yamkelwa ngokubanzi eYurophu nakuMzantsi Mpuma Asia.I-CHAdeMO isetyenziswe ngabavelisi be-EV baseJapan kunye ne-GB / T ngumgangatho wesizwe osetyenziswa eChina.
Oku kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.Iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC zilungele iimeko apho kufuneka uyitshaje kwakhona i-EV yakho ngokukhawuleza, njengakwisikhululo sokutshaja sendlela ephakathi kwesixeko okanye kwindawo yokuphumla.Itshaja ye-AC ifanelekile kwindawo ohlala kuyo ixesha elide, njengendawo yokusebenza, iivenkile ezinkulu, icinema kunye nasekhaya.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokhetho lokutshaja:
• Ukutshaja ekhaya - 6-8 * iiyure.
• Ukutshaja koluntu - 2-6* iiyure.
• Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuthatha imizuzu engama-25* ukufikelela kwintlawulo eyi-80%.
Ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu bebhetri yeemoto zombane, la maxesha anokwahluka.
Indawo yentlawulo yaseKhaya ifakwe eludongeni lwangaphandle kufutshane nalapho umisa khona imoto yakho.Kwizindlu ezininzi oku kunokufakwa ngokulula.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala kwiflethi ngaphandle kwendawo yakho yokupaka, okanye kwindlu enemigangatho yeenyawo yoluntu kumnyango wakho wangaphambili kunokuba nzima ukufaka indawo yentlawulo.
